Character Details

Character

12th flagellomere in females [2]

Description

What has sometimes been called the “terminal button” or “terminal nipple” in Pteromalidae (Graham, 1969) is interpreted in this analysis as a 14th antennomere or the 4th segment of a typical pteromalid clava. The antenna of most Chalcidoidea has been interpreted as maximally being composed of 13 segments, including 11 flagellomeres with at most a 3-segmented clava. However, Rotitidae has a 12-segmented flagellum, including a 6-segmented clava. We agree with Onagbola and Fadamiro (2008b) that the terminal button in some Pteromalidae should be considered as a separate, 12th flagellomere that is homologous with the apical flagellomere of Rotoitidae. Other than Rotoitidae, a clearly evident 12th flagellomere was reported in Chalcidoidea previously only in Diglochis (Pteromalidae: Pteromalinae) and some Eucharitidae (Dzhanokmen, 1979; Gibson, 1986; Bouček and Noyes, 1987; Heraty, 2002). However, this small terminal flagellomere is common for several chalcidoid groups that have been considered to have a 11-segmented flagellum. When present, there is a similar distinct border around the terminal button as found between other, larger claval segments. Unlike the preceding claval segments this reduced segment usually does not have MPS, though a distinct MPS is found on the terminal button of Chromeurytoma (Pteromalidae: Chromeurytominae) (Fig. 2g).

States

-: unassigned
notes:
coded examples: Archaeoteleia mellea, Ormyrulus Boucek, 1986, Aditrochus_cohiuensis, Eremocampe choresmiana Sugonjaev, 1986, amber_UCRC_ENT305755 (toggle remainder)
0: not present (not defined by suture)
6952_mximage
1.Cleonymus
6953_mximage
2.Acanthochalcis
 
notes:
coded examples: Cleonymus Latreille, 1809, Cales noacki Howard, 1907, Coccophagus rusti, Eurytoma gigantea, Coccobius fulvus (toggle remainder)
1: present (defined by suture)
6954_mximage
1.Asaphes
6955_mximage
2.Perilampus tristis
18698_mximage
3.Chromeurytoma
 
notes:
coded examples: Nasonia vitripennis, Megastigmus transvaalensis, Asaphes sp., Chromeurytoma sp., Idioporus affinis (toggle remainder)